In a survey on food services and virtual restaurants conducted by Rakuten Insight in August 2021, ** percent of respondents in Japan stated that they have never heard of the term virtual restaurant or similar words, such as cloud kitchen or ghost kitchen.
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Rakuten Insight. (November 24, 2021). Awareness of virtual restaurants and cloud kitchens in Japan as of August 2021 [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved July 13, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278343/japan-awareness-virtual-restaurant/
Rakuten Insight. "Awareness of virtual restaurants and cloud kitchens in Japan as of August 2021." Chart. November 24, 2021. Statista. Accessed July 13, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278343/japan-awareness-virtual-restaurant/
Rakuten Insight. (2021). Awareness of virtual restaurants and cloud kitchens in Japan as of August 2021. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: July 13, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278343/japan-awareness-virtual-restaurant/
Rakuten Insight. "Awareness of Virtual Restaurants and Cloud Kitchens in Japan as of August 2021." Statista, Statista Inc., 24 Nov 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278343/japan-awareness-virtual-restaurant/
Rakuten Insight, Awareness of virtual restaurants and cloud kitchens in Japan as of August 2021 Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278343/japan-awareness-virtual-restaurant/ (last visited July 13, 2025)
Awareness of virtual restaurants and cloud kitchens in Japan as of August 2021 [Graph], Rakuten Insight, November 24, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278343/japan-awareness-virtual-restaurant/
