The rule of law refers to the principle that in liberal democracies governments and public authorities are bound by clear and transparent rules, and that these rules are respected by all parties. Examples of the rule of law include respect for the fundamental rights of citizens, adherence to legal rulings and legislation, and the safeguarding of independent institutions with the powers to oversee governments.
In spite of the rule of law being a fundamental principle of the European Union, very few citizens report being well informed about the state of the rule of law in member states other than their own. Only in Poland do a majority of respondents say they are well informed, which is perhaps a result of the large amount of attention paid to the rule of law in Poland due to the judiciary reforms put forward by the Law & Justice (PiS) government since taking power in 2015.
Share of European Union citizens reporting that they are well informed about the rule of law in other EU member states in 2021, by member state
Characteristic
Very well informed
Fairly well informed
Don't know
Not very well informed
Not at all informed
France
1%
14%
9%
45%
31%
Latvia
1%
16%
0%
61%
22%
Belgium
1%
20%
0%
61%
18%
Bulgaria
5%
16%
4%
41%
34%
Greece
3%
19%
1%
51%
26%
Estonia
2%
21%
0%
62%
15%
Netherlands
3%
21%
2%
55%
19%
Lithuania
4%
21%
0%
57%
18%
Italy
3%
23%
2%
45%
27%
Sweden
2%
25%
0%
59%
14%
Malta
5%
23%
15%
36%
21%
Germany
4%
25%
2%
49%
20%
EU Average
5%
24%
3%
47%
21%
Created with Highcharts 7.2.2Share of respondentsVery well informedFairly well informedDon't knowNot very well informedNot at all informedFranceLatviaBelgiumBulgariaGreeceEstoniaNetherlandsLithuaniaItalySwedenMaltaGermanyEU AverageCzechiaSloveniaDenmarkPortugalCyprusHungarySpainRomaniaCroatiaLuxembourgFinlandAustriaSlovakiaIrelandPoland
0%25%50%75%100%125%
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European Commission (Eurobarometer). (November 1, 2021). Share of European Union citizens reporting that they are well informed about the rule of law in other EU member states in 2021, by member state [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved June 05, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1378403/rule-of-law-eu-citizens-well-informed-other-ms/
European Commission (Eurobarometer). "Share of European Union citizens reporting that they are well informed about the rule of law in other EU member states in 2021, by member state." Chart. November 1, 2021. Statista. Accessed June 05, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1378403/rule-of-law-eu-citizens-well-informed-other-ms/
European Commission (Eurobarometer). (2021). Share of European Union citizens reporting that they are well informed about the rule of law in other EU member states in 2021, by member state. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: June 05, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1378403/rule-of-law-eu-citizens-well-informed-other-ms/
European Commission (Eurobarometer). "Share of European Union Citizens Reporting That They Are Well Informed about The Rule of Law in Other Eu Member States in 2021, by Member State." Statista, Statista Inc., 1 Nov 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1378403/rule-of-law-eu-citizens-well-informed-other-ms/
European Commission (Eurobarometer), Share of European Union citizens reporting that they are well informed about the rule of law in other EU member states in 2021, by member state Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1378403/rule-of-law-eu-citizens-well-informed-other-ms/ (last visited June 05, 2025)
Share of European Union citizens reporting that they are well informed about the rule of law in other EU member states in 2021, by member state [Graph], European Commission (Eurobarometer), November 1, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1378403/rule-of-law-eu-citizens-well-informed-other-ms/
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