Since 2002, Turkey has emerged as by far the most important export market for EU-based companies, when compared with other potential future EU members. While in 2008 exports to Turkey were only twice as large as the next largest export market, Ukraine, since then, the value of exports to the country have soared, being worth more than all the other candidate countries combined in 2023. Ukraine has declined as a prominent export market since 2014, as the civil war in the east of the country has caused significant economic and political disruption. At the same time, Serbia has emerged as a significant export market, increasing from 5.8 billion euros worth of exports in 2006, to more than 23 billion euros in 2023.
Value of total exports from the European Union to candidate countries from 2002 to 2023, by country
(in million euros)
Characteristic
Turkey
Ukraine
Serbia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
North Macedonia
Moldova
Albania
Georgia
Kosovo*
Montenegro
2002
24,446.2
7,578.7
-
3,017.3
1,428.6
648.6
1,155.8
366
-
-
2003
28,384.2
8,606.8
-
2,985.7
1,333
778
1,166.2
409
-
-
2004
37,283.2
10,276.8
-
3,294.9
1,549.8
913.6
1,281
543.7
-
-
2005
41,492.4
12,917.3
-
3,851.2
1,606.9
1,068.1
1,375.5
645.6
-
-
2006
46,454.9
17,804.3
5,791.5
3,895.1
1,875.5
1,158.9
1,540.9
876.1
274.7
518.1
2007
49,440.2
21,810.8
8,510.5
4,393.6
2,145.1
1,477.8
1,828.5
1,063.2
422.2
819.8
2008
51,388.2
24,448.6
9,562.9
5,183.7
2,610.1
1,689.4
2,184.7
1,213.3
529.3
1,122.8
2009
41,993.5
13,346.8
6,972.8
3,916.8
2,136.1
1,212.9
2,102.3
910.9
618.6
687.6
2010
58,262
16,942.8
7,781.1
4,176.6
2,262.1
1,512.9
2,163.8
1,183.1
677.4
708.9
2011
68,886.6
20,797.8
8,998.5
4,722
2,719.7
1,809.7
2,308.6
1,554.5
729.9
777.8
2012
71,323.7
23,331.2
9,526.2
4,803.3
2,963.3
1,988.3
2,417.8
2,004.1
706.5
880
2013
72,631.8
23,344.1
9,786.1
4,752.2
2,901.5
2,227.6
2,303.6
1,977.1
719.6
894.2
2014
70,246.2
16,654.7
10,213.2
4,996.7
3,151.3
2,303.4
2,443
1,840.1
723.4
959
2015
74,148.8
13,719.1
10,972.9
5,044
3,386
2,011
2,498.3
1,763.1
759.4
863.1
2016
72,445.2
16,176.5
11,514.5
5,227.9
3,645.6
2,001.3
2,684.7
1,842.8
848.5
974.3
2017
76,656.7
19,837.9
13,225.3
5,890.5
4,059.9
2,395
2,960.9
1,905.9
900.5
1,051.6
2018
69,187.9
21,548.5
14,528.7
6,060.4
4,610.6
2,707.2
3,177.8
2,045.3
1,036.5
1,188.7
2019
68,260.1
24,152.7
15,154.3
6,313.3
4,756.7
2,924.8
3,173.7
2,011.5
1,284.2
1,217.7
2020
70,130.1
23,116.9
14,599.5
5,536.6
4,048
2,608.9
2,934
1,587.1
1,163.1
946.5
2021
79,128.4
28,292.2
18,298.6
6,840.5
5,108.1
3,187.2
3,722
2,045.1
1,583.6
1,158
2022
99,555.7
30,088.1
24,378
8,718.5
6,873.2
4,704.2
4,425.4
3,227.8
1,731.4
1,796
2023
111,387.8
39,097.8
23,374.6
8,772.4
6,694.2
4,795.9
4,261.4
3,620.7
1,997.4
1,816.2
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* Kosovo is administered under UN Security Council Resolution 1244/99. It is recognized by 22 EU member states, but not by Spain, Greece, Romania, Cyprus, and Slovakia. Its status as an independent country is contested by Serbia.
Kosovo is a potential future candidate but has not begun the process of negotiations with the EU.
Negotiations between the EU and Turkey have been suspended since 2021, after a decision by the European Parliament, due to issues with human rights protections and the rule of law.
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Eurostat, & European Commission. (February 17, 2025). Value of total exports from the European Union to candidate countries from 2002 to 2023, by country (in million euros) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved June 04, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1403276/exports-eu-to-eu-candidate-countries/
Eurostat, und European Commission. "Value of total exports from the European Union to candidate countries from 2002 to 2023, by country (in million euros)." Chart. February 17, 2025. Statista. Accessed June 04, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1403276/exports-eu-to-eu-candidate-countries/
Eurostat, European Commission. (2025). Value of total exports from the European Union to candidate countries from 2002 to 2023, by country (in million euros). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: June 04, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1403276/exports-eu-to-eu-candidate-countries/
Eurostat, and European Commission. "Value of Total Exports from The European Union to Candidate Countries from 2002 to 2023, by Country (in Million Euros)." Statista, Statista Inc., 17 Feb 2025, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1403276/exports-eu-to-eu-candidate-countries/
Eurostat & European Commission, Value of total exports from the European Union to candidate countries from 2002 to 2023, by country (in million euros) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1403276/exports-eu-to-eu-candidate-countries/ (last visited June 04, 2025)
Value of total exports from the European Union to candidate countries from 2002 to 2023, by country (in million euros) [Graph], Eurostat, & European Commission, February 17, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1403276/exports-eu-to-eu-candidate-countries/
