The Middle East holds approximately *** billion barrels of proved crude oil reserves as of 2023. This was close to ********** the amount known in 1960. Proved oil reserves are taken to be those quantities where geological and engineering assessments indicate they may be recovered with relative certainty.
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OPEC. (July 1, 2024). Proved crude oil reserves worldwide in 1960 and 2023, by region (in billion barrels) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved June 27, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/271614/oil-reserves-by-region/
OPEC. "Proved crude oil reserves worldwide in 1960 and 2023, by region (in billion barrels)." Chart. July 1, 2024. Statista. Accessed June 27, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/271614/oil-reserves-by-region/
OPEC. (2024). Proved crude oil reserves worldwide in 1960 and 2023, by region (in billion barrels). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: June 27, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/271614/oil-reserves-by-region/
OPEC. "Proved Crude Oil Reserves Worldwide in 1960 and 2023, by Region (in Billion Barrels)." Statista, Statista Inc., 1 Jul 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/271614/oil-reserves-by-region/
OPEC, Proved crude oil reserves worldwide in 1960 and 2023, by region (in billion barrels) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/271614/oil-reserves-by-region/ (last visited June 27, 2025)
Proved crude oil reserves worldwide in 1960 and 2023, by region (in billion barrels) [Graph], OPEC, July 1, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/271614/oil-reserves-by-region/