
Aaron O'Neill
Research lead for society, economy, and politics: Europe & global
Get in touch with us nowFluctuating decline between 1998 and 2025
Compared to the earliest depicted observation from 1998 this is a total decrease by approximately 4.11 percentage points. The trajectory from 1998 to 2025 shows however that this decrease did not happen continuously.
Fluctuating decline between 2025 and 2030
In 2030 the budget balance will lie at roughly -3.19 percent, according to forecasts. This indicates an overall decrease by approximately 0.16 percentage points since 2025.
The indicator describes the general government net lending/borrowing which is calculated as revenue minus total expenditure. The International Monetary Fund defines the general government expenditure as consisting of total expense and the net acquisition of nonfinancial assets. The general government revenue consists of the revenue from taxes, social contributions, grants receivable, and other revenue.
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* For commercial use only
Basic Account
Starter Account
Professional Account
1 All prices do not include sales tax. The account requires an annual contract and will renew after one year to the regular list price.