
Aaron O'Neill
Research lead for society, economy, and politics: Europe & global
Get in touch with us nowFluctuating decline between 2000 and 2025
Between 2000 and 2025 a total decrease by approximately 0.42 percentage points can be observed. The data emphasizes however that this decrease did not happen continuously.
Continuous rise between 2025 and 2030
In 2030 the budget balance will amount to about -0.98 percent, according to forecasts. From 2025 onwards, there is an overall increase by approximately 1.56 percentage points. This growth reflects a steady upward trend.
The indicator describes the general government net lending/borrowing which is calculated as revenue minus total expenditure. The International Monetary Fund defines the general government expenditure as consisting of total expense and the net acquisition of nonfinancial assets. The general government revenue consists of the revenue from taxes, social contributions, grants receivable, and other revenue.
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Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Labor Market
Inflation and Prices
International Trade
Government Finances
Income, Inequality,and Poverty
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Professional Account
1 All prices do not include sales tax. The account requires an annual contract and will renew after one year to the regular list price.