In 2022 the Western Balkans route accounted for almost 43 percent of all illegal border-crossings in the European Union, with the next most common route being the Central Mediterranean.
Percentage of illegal border-crossings between border-crossing points (BCPs) to the European Union from 2019 to 2022, by main routes
Characteristic
Western Balkans
Central Mediterranean
Eastern Mediterranean
Western African Route
Western Mediterranean
Eastern Borders Route
Circular Route from Albania to Greece
Black Sea Route
2019
10.68%
9.87%
58.75%
1.92%
16.9%
0.51%
1.37%
0%
2020
21.33%
28.22%
16.04%
19.05%
13.74%
0.54%
1.08%
0%
2021
30.85%
33.84%
10.28%
11.17%
9.23%
4.08%
0.55%
0%
2022
43%
32%
13%
4.7%
4.6%
1.9%
0.2%
0.1%
0%25%50%75%100%125%
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Frontex. (August 1, 2023). Percentage of illegal border-crossings between border-crossing points (BCPs) to the European Union from 2019 to 2022, by main routes [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved May 02, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/875519/european-union-migration-flow-by-main-route/
Frontex. "Percentage of illegal border-crossings between border-crossing points (BCPs) to the European Union from 2019 to 2022, by main routes." Chart. August 1, 2023. Statista. Accessed May 02, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/875519/european-union-migration-flow-by-main-route/
Frontex. (2023). Percentage of illegal border-crossings between border-crossing points (BCPs) to the European Union from 2019 to 2022, by main routes. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: May 02, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/875519/european-union-migration-flow-by-main-route/
Frontex. "Percentage of Illegal Border-crossings between Border-crossing Points (Bcps) to The European Union from 2019 to 2022, by Main Routes." Statista, Statista Inc., 1 Aug 2023, https://www.statista.com/statistics/875519/european-union-migration-flow-by-main-route/
Frontex, Percentage of illegal border-crossings between border-crossing points (BCPs) to the European Union from 2019 to 2022, by main routes Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/875519/european-union-migration-flow-by-main-route/ (last visited May 02, 2025)
Percentage of illegal border-crossings between border-crossing points (BCPs) to the European Union from 2019 to 2022, by main routes [Graph], Frontex, August 1, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/875519/european-union-migration-flow-by-main-route/
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